The Tendency Theory of Causation
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چکیده
I propose a non-Humean theory of causation with “tendencies” as causal connections. Not, however, as “necessary connexions”: causes are not sufficient, they do not necessitate their effects. The theory is designed to be, not an analysis of the concept of causation, but a description of what is the case in typical cases of causation. I therefore call it a metaphysical theory of causation, as opposed to a semantic one. Different authors who propose theories of causation mean different things by a “theory of causation”. Many theories of causation proposed today are theories, or analyses, of the concept of causation. They say whether the concept of causation is to be analyzed, whether causal statements can be reduced to statements of some other kind, and what “ontological commitment” there is in causal talk. For example, the simple regularity theory of the concept of causation claims that the statement “A caused B” can be replaced by the state* I wish to express my gratitude to the citizens of the Free state of Bavaria for the “Bayerischer Habilitationsförderpreis”, which made this work possible. For helpful comments and criticism I thank Ludger Jansen, Jonathan Lowe, and Richard Swinburne.
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